Creates optical illusions with water

Using the properties of light to create illusions is a lot of fun. Have you ever noticed how images appear differently through a glass of water? This phenomenon is related to the refractive properties of light, an ability to change direction when it passes through another medium.

You will need:

From 4 years old

Difficulty : easy

Let's experiment

Pin your drawing to the wall. It should not be more than 2 in wide

In front of your drawing, place your empty glass at a distance of 4 in.

Now look at your drawing through the glass and fill it with water until the level is higher than your drawing. What do you observe?

Understand the experiment

The light is bowing

Magic? No, it’s optics.

You know that light travels through air as well as through water. But if the water is transparent, it’s also much denser. The molecules are much closer together than in air.

As a result, when light passes from air to the aqueous medium, it changes direction. This is called light refraction.

When the light has to travel through a cylindrical glass, it bends to enter the glass of water, and bends again when it leaves the glass of water.

Depending on the distance between the drawing and your glass, your image can turn completely around the vertical axis.

Did you know?

By exploiting the refractive properties of light, scientists have been able to create contact lenses to relocate light to the retina of people with impaired vision.

Experiments

The color decomposition of your markers

The primary colors are cyan, yellow and magenta. Three colors from which all others derive. One way to find out what the color of the felt-tip pens is made of is to play with water, a coffee filter and use the principle of capillary action. […]

Botany

The tree leaves are red

The leaves of trees are green in daylight. It is thanks to chlorophyll, an important molecule which is involved in photosynthesis to convert carbon dioxide into oxygen. But under black light, chlorophyll is red. A phenomenon linked to fluorescence. […]